WASTE HEAT BOILER

Hot exhaust gases from the combustion of waste heat in furnace enter the heat exchanger (known as waste heat boiler) and a significant amount of temperature is absorbed by water while passing through the pipe. In the process of de-heating, gases from energy combustion are stored in the form of water vapor in stram Drum. Drum has the responsibility of separating water and steam mixture from each other. In all the equipment water and steam mixture enters water and steam separator and by rotational motion applied on the fluid (water and steam), due to the centrifugal force that is created and due to the heavy weight, water droplets are separated from the steam then after passing through drier plates, the steam loses its last drops of water and moves towards the super heater pipes, and water void of vapor particles is guided by Down Comer pipes towards Water Wall. The second responsibility of drum is to act as a reserve for boiler. By storing water or steam in itself, in critical operation condition, drums can supply some of the boiler water or steam. Water from the boiler economizer, injection, and some chemical solutions are done in uniformly distributed drum. However, because the pressure inside the drum is high, it is designed as a drum that follows the rules of thick-walled cylindrical pressure vessel.

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Steam drum:

Steam drum is composed of different components divided into two sections (Internal) and external (External). Since the explanation of duties of each component of the drum is very wide, so the names of the main components are just referred to:
• Water and steam separator (Separator)
• Water and steam dryer (Chevron Drier)
• Dehumidifiers (Drier)
• Internal Pipes
A steam drum is a standard feature of a water-tube boiler. It is a reservoir of water/steam at the top end of the water tubes.
Process of removing heat from the combustion gases drives the water And Steam Drum is stored in the repository.
The separated steam is drawn out from the top section of the drum and distributed for process. Further heating of the saturated steam will make superheated steam normally used to drive a steam turbine. Saturated steam is drawn off the top of the drum and re-enters the furnace in through a superheated. The steam and water mixture enters the steam drum through riser tubes, drum internals consisting of demister separate the water droplets from the steam producing dry steam. The saturated water at the bottom of the steam drum flows down through the down comer pipe, normally unheated, to headers and water drum. Its accessories include a safety valve, water-level indicator and level controller. Feed-water of boiler is also fed to the steam drum through a feed pipe extending inside the drum, along the length of the steam drum.

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Sulfuric acid units

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